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Daniel Cosenza's Blog - FreeDOS articles

dosbox, dosbox staging, or dosbox-x? choose by compatibility evidence

dosbox-x profiles and midi: isolate game mounts, machine settings, and audio paths

aspi on dos: from the scsi manager entry point to a completed request

at real-time clock interrupts: periodic rates, alarms, and irq8 ownership

ata pio on dos: poll status, transfer data, and bound every wait

atapi packet commands: follow the device's data-phase contract

bios fixed-disk parameter tables: int 41h, int 46h, and legacy geometry

bios int 10h ah=13h: page-aware text string output

bios int 11h and 12h: read legacy equipment and conventional memory

bios int 15h ah=86h: a compatibility-bounded dos wait

bios int 15h ah=87h: the protected-mode block-move service

bios int 15h ah=88h: the legacy extended-memory count

bios int 15h e820: reading the physical memory map before dos

cga graphics memory: scanline banks, packed pixels, and safe page writes

deltree on freedos: recursive deletion, preview, and exit codes

dos bios clock int 1ah: tick counts, midnight rollover, and date safety

dos bios int 17h: printer calls, status bits, and their limits

dos bios keyboard input: int 16h, buffer semantics, and enhanced keys

dos file control blocks: record i/o and legacy compatibility

dos file handles: open, read, inherit, and redirect i/o

dos file positioning with int 21h ah=42h: origins, offsets, and eof

dos handle capacity: files, jfts, sfts, and int 21h ah=67h

dos int 21h ah=0ah: buffered line input and its real limits

dos int 21h ah=0ch: flush-then-read input semantics

dos int 21h ah=36h: disk-free space, cluster math, and limits

dos int 21h ah=68h: commit file buffers without closing the handle

dos int 21h ah=6ch: extended open/create actions and freedos limits

dos int 21h exec: launch a child and collect its real exit result

dos int 21h file creation: temporary names and no-clobber semantics

dos int 21h findfirst and findnext: the dta is search state

dos int 21h function 59h: read extended error diagnostics

dos int 23h: control-c handling, vector ownership, and safe cleanup

dos int 25h and 26h: absolute sector i/o without filesystem safety nets

dos int 29h: fast console output and the redirection trap

dos memory control blocks: int 21h allocation, resize, and ownership

dos network redirectors: int 21h assign lists versus packet drivers

dos path resolution: current drives, per-drive directories, and relative names

dos video bios int 10h: modes, pages, cursor state, and compatibility

dpmi real-mode callbacks: register, bridge, and release safely

detecting cpuid and cpu features in a real-mode dos program

enumerating pci devices from real-mode dos with the pci bios

fat timestamps on freedos: precision, fields, and timezone limits

fc and comp on freedos: binary verification versus text diff

formatting freedos media safely: format modes, geometry, and recovery limits

freecom alias expansion: arguments, shadowing, persistence, and safe use

freecom interactive command-line editing: history, cursor keys, and completion

freecom pipes on dos: temporary files, sequential stages, and failure modes

freedos append: data-file search paths without path confusion

freedos assign: drive-letter mapping, residency, and safe removal

freedos attrib: archive, hidden, read-only, and system flags

freedos chkdsk in practice: fat16 scope, flags, and safe triage

freedos choice: a precise input and errorlevel contract for batch jobs

freedos copy: text and binary modes, concatenation, and safe overwrites

freedos ctty: system-wide console routing beyond stream redirection

freedos defrag: fat file placement, modes, and safe maintenance

freedos dir semantics: wildcards, attributes, ordering, and reproducible listings

freedos diskcomp: track comparison, drive swaps, and verification limits

freedos diskcopy: floppy media, images, verification, and destructive edges

freedos disk buffers: buffers=, dirty metadata, and cache tuning

freedos edlin: a safe line-editing workflow for text-only recovery

freedos fcbs=: why the legacy fcb count is not a tuning knob

freedos find: line matching, inversion, counts, and reliable batch results

freedos graphics: a tsr print-screen path for legacy video modes

freedos int 21h ah=37h: querying and changing the switch character

freedos int 21h ioctl: device status and control requests

freedos int 24h: handling dos critical i/o errors safely

freedos loadfix: why loading above the first 64 kib can help

freedos mem diagnostics: read the report before tuning conventional memory

freedos mode con rate/delay: typematic input without guesswork

freedos more: paging files and command output without losing the evidence

freedos move: rename, relocate, and verify without losing the source

freedos print: know the built-in utility's spooling boundaries

freedos prompt: expansion codes, ansi boundaries, and reproducible prompts

freedos replace: controlled file updates and safe deployment

freedos set: environment variables, shell boundaries, and inherited state

freedos sort: stream ordering, locale rules, and bounded input

freedos stacks: sizing the hardware-interrupt stack pool

freedos undelete: non-destructive fat recovery and evidence handling

ibm ps/2 int 15h c2h: the bios pointing-device interface

int 10h character fonts: load, select, and restore ega/vga text glyphs

int 10h palette services: ega attribute mapping, vga dac state, and restoration

int 15h c0h: read the ibm bios system descriptor safely

isa dma on dos pcs: page boundaries, address units, and safe buffers

installing and removing a dos int 1ch timer-tick hook safely

lim ems int 67h: allocate handles and map 16 kib pages safely

legacy pc option roms: header validation, post discovery, and initialization

pc 8259a pic delivery: irq mapping, cascades, masks, and eoi

pc programmable interval timer: 8253/8254 channels and dos boundaries

programming the adlib ym3812: opl2 registers, operators, and key-on

programming the dos mouse api: int 33h state, coordinates, and events

programming the pc parallel port: spp registers and printer handshake

reading legacy pnp bios device nodes from a dos utility

reading the at-compatible cmos rtc without a torn timestamp

reading the ibm pc game port: axis timing, button bits, and calibration

the bios diskette parameter table at int 1eh

the dos bios serial api: programming int 14h and its limits

the dos floppy controller state machine: command, execution, result

the dos indos flag is not a reentrancy license for tsrs

the dos long-filename int 21h api: capability checks, search handles, and fallbacks

the pc/at 8042 keyboard controller: status, buffers, and safe ownership

using freedos debug for read-only binary inspection

warm reboot semantics: bios reset flags, int 19h, and dos state

freedos devload: loading dos device drivers after boot without guesswork

freedos share: file sharing modes and byte-range locks in real mode

freedos swsubst: mapping paths and drive letters through the cds table

fdapm on freedos: power management, safe shutdown, and cache flushing

lbacache on freedos: sector caching without gambling with writes

ansi console drivers on freedos: escape sequences, nansi, and compatibility

dpmi on freedos: how protected-mode programs coexist with real-mode dos

fat32 on freedos: cluster addressing, compatibility, and practical limits

fixing dpmi and protected-mode memory errors on freedos

fixing missing dos drive letters caused by lastdrive and driver ordering

freedos code pages and nls: how keyboard, console, and application text align

how to configure cutemouse on freedos without wasting conventional memory

how to image and verify a freedos disk before repairing it

how to test windows 3.1 on freedos without risking a working installation

the dos packet driver api: one interrupt interface for many network cards

diagnosing fat corruption on freedos without making recovery worse

fixing dos games that run too fast on modern hardware

fixing freedos keyboard layout and codepage mismatches

fixing himem and emm386 conflicts in a freedos memory configuration

freedos 1.4 publishes a floppy-only edition for original pc-class hardware

freedos adopts monthly test releases to replace release-candidate bottlenecks

freedos t2603 starts public testing of the new kernel and windows 3.x support

how to archive freedos files without losing names or metadata

how to bridge a freedos application to a modern print service

how to build a reliable freedos serial link for retro hardware

how to build a safe freedos multi-configuration boot menu

how to test a freedos monthly test release without risking your main installation

how to use freecom batch features beyond a linear startup script

microweb 2.1 brings xms and file downloads to a real-mode dos browser

recovering a freedos boot disk with a damaged mbr

com vs exe: how dos actually loads and runs a program

fixing usb drive detection issues on freedos

freedos 1.1 ships, six years after 1.0

freedos 1.4 ships after three years, refreshing core tools

freedos turns 25, and jim hall tells the origin story again

how to build a tsr-aware batch menu system on freedos

how to connect a usb drive to freedos with usbaspi

how to set up freedos for playing classic dos games

how to set up long filename support on freedos with doslfn

how to set up a development environment on freedos

how to set up a ram disk on freedos

inside command.com: the resident and transient portions of dos's shell

jim hall posts the pd-dos announcement that became freedos

microsoft declares ms-dos 6.22 and earlier obsolete

the freedos kernel: how it diverges from original ms-dos internals

upper memory blocks and loading tsrs high

xms, ems, and the many kinds of dos memory beyond 640k

fixing doslfn long filename problems on freedos

fixing incorrect date and time on freedos

freedos 1.0 released, 12 years after the project began

freedos 1.3 released

device drivers on freedos: how .sys files extend the kernel

diagnosing irq and driver conflicts on real hardware running freedos

fat12 and fat16 internals: the filesystem behind freedos

fixing 'bad command or file name' errors on freedos

fixing 'out of environment space' errors on freedos

fixing printer (lpt port) problems on freedos

fixing sound blaster configuration issues on freedos

freedos 1.2 arrives after nearly five years

freedos memory management: conventional, upper, and extended memory

freedos package management: fdimples and the freedos package repository

freedos vs. ms-dos: compatibility, differences, and why it matters

how to create a bootable freedos usb for bios/firmware flashing

how to install freedos from scratch, step by step

how to install and configure applications on freedos

how to partition a disk with fdisk on freedos

how to set up cd-rom access on freedos with mscdex

how to set up networking on freedos with mtcp

microsoft open-sources the original ms-dos on github

recovering a freedos system that won't boot after a bad config.sys edit

running freedos today: virtualization, real hardware, and use cases

tsr programs: how dos ran background tasks without multitasking

the freedos boot process: config.sys and autoexec.bat

understanding interrupts on freedos: int 21h and the dos api

what is freedos, and why is an ms-dos-compatible os still developed?

writing batch files on freedos